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Esther 1:3
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The King Dethrones Queen Vashti

1 Now it came to pass in the days of aAhasuerus (this was the Ahasuerus who reigned bover one hundred and twenty-seven provinces, cfrom India to Ethiopia),  
2 in those days when King Ahasuerus asat on the throne of his kingdom, which was in bShushan the citadel,  
3 that in the third year of his reign he amade a feast for all his officials and servants—the powers of Persia and Media, the nobles, and the princes of the provinces being before him—  
4 when he showed the riches of his glorious kingdom and the splendor of his excellent majesty for many days, one hundred and eighty days in all.
5 And when these days were completed, the king made a feast lasting seven days for all the people who were present in1 Shushan the citadel, from great to small, in the court of the garden of the king’s palace.  
6 There were white and blue linen curtains fastened with cords of fine linen and purple on silver rods and marble pillars; and the acouches were of gold and silver on a mosaic pavement of alabaster, turquoise, and white and black marble.  
Commentaries:
Matthew Henry
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Esther 1:1-22

We find in this book, that even those Jews who were scattered in the province of the heathen, were taken care of, and were wonderfully preserved, when threatened with destruction. Though the name of God be not in this book, the finger of God is shown by minute events for the bringing about his people's deliverance. This history comes in between 7 .

The royal feast of Ahasuerus. (1-9) Vashti's refusal to appear, The king's decree. (10-22)

Verses 1-9 The pride of Ahasuerus's heart rising with the grandeur of his kingdom, he made an extravagant feast. This was vain glory. Better is a dinner of herbs with quietness, than this banquet of wine, with all the noise and tumult that must have attended it. But except grace prevails in the heart, self-exaltation and self-indulgence, in one form or another, will be the ruling principle. Yet none did compel; so that if any drank to excess, it was their own fault. This caution of a heathen prince, even when he would show his generosity, may shame many called Christians, who, under pretence of sending the health round, send sin round, and death with it. There is a woe to them that do so; let them read it, and tremble, habakkuk 2:15,16 .

Verses 10-22 Ahasuerus's feast ended in heaviness, by his own folly. Seasons of peculiar festivity often end in vexation. Superiors should be careful not to command what may reasonably be disobeyed. But when wine is in, men's reason departs from them. He that had rule over 127 provinces, had no rule over his own spirit. But whether the passion or the policy of the king was served by this decree, God's providence made way for Esther to the crown, and defeated Haman's wicked project, even before it had entered into his heart, and he arrived at his power. Let us rejoice that the Lord reigns, and will overrule the madness or folly of mankind to promote his own glory, and the safety and happiness of his people.


 
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