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Esther 8:10
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8 You yourselves write a decree concerning the Jews,1 as you please, in the king’s name, and seal it with the king’s signet ring; for whatever is written in the king’s name and sealed with the king’s signet ring ano one can revoke.”  
9 aSo the king’s scribes were called at that time, in the third month, which is the month of Sivan, on the twenty-third day; and it was written, according to all that Mordecai commanded, to the Jews, the satraps, the governors, and the princes of the provinces bfrom India to Ethiopia, one hundred and twenty-seven provinces in all, to every province cin its own script, to every people in their own language, and to the Jews in their own script and language.  
10 aAnd he wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus, sealed it with the king’s signet ring, and sent letters by couriers on horseback, riding on royal horses1 bred from swift steeds.  
11 By these letters the king permitted the Jews who were in every city to agather together and protect their lives—to bdestroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province that would assault them, both little children and women, and to plunder their possessions,  
12 aon one day in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of1 Adar.  
Commentaries:
Adam Clarke
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Esther 8:10

On mules , camels , and young dromedaries - What these beasts were is difficult to say. The word rechesh , which we translate mules, signifies a swift chariot horse.

The strange word achashteranim is probably a Persian word, but perhaps incurably corrupted. The most likely derivation is that of Bochart, from the Persian akhash , huge, large, rough, and aster , a mule; large mules.

The words beney harammachim , the sons of mares, which we translate dromedaries, are supposed to signify mules, produced between the he ass and the mare, to distinguish them from those produced between the stallion and the ass, But there is really so much confusion about these matters, and so little consent among learned men as to the signification of these words, and even the true knowledge of them is of such little importance, that we may well rest contented with such names as our modern translations have given us. They were, no doubt, the swiftest and hardiest beasts that the city or country could produce.


 
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