Commentaries:
Barnes' Notes
All the rulers ... helped the Jews - i. e. the Persians, who formed the standing army which kept the Empire in subjection, and were at the disposal of the various governors of provinces, took the Jews' side. The enemies of the Jews (e. g. Esther 9:16) were almost entirely to be found among the idolatrous people of the subject nations, for whose lives neither the Persians generally, nor their monarchs, cared greatly.
Other Barnes' Notes entries containing Esther 9:3:
Isaiah 36:9
Daniel 3:2
Daniel 3:2
Daniel 6:1
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