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Genesis 49:1
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Jacob’s Last Words to His Sons

1 And Jacob called his sons and said, “Gather together, that I may atell you what shall befall you bin the last days: 
2 “Gather together and hear, you sons of Jacob,
And listen to Israel your father.
3 “Reuben, you are amy firstborn,
My might and the beginning of my strength,
The excellency of dignity and the excellency of power. 
4 Unstable as water, you shall not excel,
Because you awent up to your father’s bed;
Then you defiled it—
He went up to my couch. 
5 “Simeon and Levi are brothers;
Instruments of1 cruelty are in their dwelling place. 
6 aLet not my soul enter their council;
Let not my honor be united bto their assembly;
cFor in their anger they slew a man,
And in their self-will they1 hamstrung an ox. 
7 Cursed be their anger, for it is fierce;
And their wrath, for it is cruel!
aI will divide them in Jacob
And scatter them in Israel. 
8 “Judah,a you are he whom your brothers shall praise;
bYour hand shall be on the neck of your enemies;
cYour father’s children shall bow down before you. 
9 Judah is aa lion’s whe1lp;
From the prey, my son, you have gone up.
bHe bows down, he lies down as a lion;
And as a lion, who shall rouse him? 
10 aThe1 scepter shall not depart from Judah,
Nor ba lawgiver from between his feet,
cUntil Shiloh comes;
dAnd to Him shall be the obedience of the people. 
11 Binding his donkey to the vine,
And his donkey’s colt to the choice vine,
He washed his garments in wine,
And his clothes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes are darker than wine,
And his teeth whiter than milk.
13 “Zebuluna shall dwell by the haven of the sea;
He shall become a haven for ships,
And his border shall badjoin Sidon. 
14 “Issachara is a strong donkey,
Lying down between two burdens; 
15 He saw that rest was good,
And that the land was pleasant;
He bowed ahis shoulder to bear a burden,
And became a band of slaves. 
16 “Dana shall judge his people
As one of the tribes of Israel. 
17 aDan shall be a serpent by the way,
A viper by the path,
That bites the horse’s heels
So that its rider shall fall backward. 
18 aI have waited for your salvation, O Lord! 
19 “Gad,1a a troop shall tramp upon him,
But he shall triumph at last. 
20 “Bread from aAsher shall be rich,
And he shall yield royal dainties. 
21 “Naphtalia is a deer let loose;
He uses beautiful words. 
22 “Joseph is a fruitful bough,
A fruitful bough by a well;
His branches run over the wall.
23 The archers have abitterly grieved him,
Shot at him and hated him. 
24 But his abow remained in strength,
And the arms of his hands were1 made strong
By the hands of bthe Mighty God of Jacob
c(From there dis the Shepherd, ethe Stone of Israel), 
25 aBy the God of your father who will help you,
bAnd by the Almighty cwho will bless you
With blessings of heaven above,
Blessings of the deep that lies beneath,
Blessings of the breasts and of the womb. 
26 The blessings of your father
Have excelled the blessings of my ancestors,
aUp to the utmost bound of the everlasting hills.
bThey shall be on the head of Joseph,
And on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers. 
27 “Benjamin is a aravenous wolf;
In the morning he shall devour the prey,
bAnd at night he shall divide the spoil.”  
28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father spoke to them. And he blessed them; he blessed each one according to his own blessing.

Jacob’s Death and Burial

29 Then he charged them and said to them: “I aam to be gathered to my people; bbury me with my fathers cin the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,  
30 in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre in the land of Canaan, awhich Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite as a possession for a burial place.  
Commentaries:
Adam Clarke
<< Genesis 48:22   Genesis 49:2 >>


Genesis 49:1

That which shall befall you in the last days - It is evident from this, and indeed from the whole complexion of these important prophecies, that the twelve sons of Jacob had very little concern in them, personally considered, as they were to be fulfilled in the last days, i. e., in times remote from that period, and consequently to their posterity, and not to themselves, or to their immediate families. The whole of these prophetic declarations, from Genesis 49:2-27 inclusive, is delivered in strongly figurative language, and in the poetic form, which, in every translation, should be preserved as nearly as possible, rendering the version line for line with the original. This order I shall pursue in the succeeding notes, always proposing the verse first, in as literal a translation as possible, line for line with the Hebrew after the hemistich form, from which the sense will more readily appear; but to the Hebrew text and the common version the reader is ultimately referred.

2.Come together and hear, O sons of Jacob!

And hearken unto Israel your father.

Bishop Newton has justly observed that Jacob had received a double blessing, spiritual and temporal; the promise of being progenitor of the Messiah, and the promise of the land of Canaan. The promised land he might divide among his children as he pleased, but the other must be confined to one of his sons; he therefore assigns to each son a portion in the land of Canaan, but limits the descent of the blessed seed to the tribe of Judah. Some have put themselves to a great deal of trouble and learned labor to show that it was a general opinion of the ancients that the soul, a short time previous to its departure from the body, becomes endued with a certain measure of the prophetic gift or foresight; and that this was probably the case with Jacob. But it would be derogatory to the dignity of the prophecies delivered in this chapter, to suppose that they came by any other means than direct inspiration, as to their main matter, though certain circumstances appear to be left to the patriarch himself, in which he might express his own feelings both as a father and as a judge. This is strikingly evident, 1. In the case of Reuben, from whom he had received the grossest insult, however the passage relative to him may be understood; and, 2. In the case of Joseph, the tenderly beloved son of his most beloved wife Rachel, in the prophecy concerning whom he gives full vent to all those tender and affectionate emotions which, as a father and a husband, do him endless credit.

3.Reuben, my first-born art thou!

My might, and the prime of my strength,

Excelling in eminence, and excelling in power:

4.Pouring out like the waters: - thou shalt not excel,

For thou wentest up to the bed of thy father, -

Then thou didst defile: to my couch he went up!


 
<< Genesis 48:22   Genesis 49:2 >>

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