Commentaries:
Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown
THE SCENE CHANGES FROM EARTH TO HELL. (Isaiah 14:9-11)
moved—put into agitation.
for thee—that is, "at thee"; towards thee; explained by "to meet thee at thy coming" [MAURER].
chief ones—literally, "goats"; so rams, leaders of the flock; princes (Zechariah 10:3). The idea of wickedness on a gigantic scale is included (Ezekiel 34:17; Matthew 25:32-33). MAGEE derives "Rephaim" (English Version, "the dead") from a Hebrew root, "to resolve into first elements"; so "the deceased" (Isaiah 26:14) "ghosts" (Proverbs 21:16). These being magnified by the imagination of the living into gigantic stature, gave their name to giants in general (Genesis 6:4; Genesis 14:5; Ezekiel 32:18, Ezekiel 32:21). "Rephaim," translated in the Septuagint, "giants" (compare see on Job 26:5-6). Thence, as the giant Rephaim of Canaan were notorious even in that guilty land, enormous wickedness became connected with the term. So the Rephaim came to be the wicked spirits in Gehenna, the lower of the two portions into which Sheol is divided.
Other Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown entries containing Isaiah 14:9:
Job 26:5-14
Isaiah 14:9
Isaiah 26:14
Jeremiah 25:34
Jeremiah 51:48
Ezekiel 31:16
Ezekiel 32:21
Ezekiel 34:17
Zechariah 10:3
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