Jesus applied this prophecy to Himself in Matthew 4 when He began His Galilean ministry.
The spiritual illumination arrived in Galilee through Jesus Christ, who brought God's truth. Light had dawned on them just as prophesied in Isaiah.
It is a powerful light symbolizing the clarity and evidence of the truth, and this was not like the light of a candle, but the full strength of the sun or greater. It is a bright light because it illuminates important things of great significance, so it will endure for a long time and reach far.
And it is a shining light that is growing. The work of Christ, like a grain of mustard seed or the morning light, was small at first but gradually increased in brightness as His light shone.