Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
The disciple is not above his master (ouk estin maqhthv uper ton didaskalon). Literally, a learner (or pupil) is not above the teacher. Precisely so in Matthew 10:24 where "slave" is added with "lord." But here Luke adds: "But everyone when he is perfected shall be as his master" (kathrtismenov de pav estai wv o didaskalov autou). The state of completion, perfect passive participle, is noted in kathrtismenov. The word is common for mending broken things or nets (Matthew 4:21) or men (Galatians 6:1). So it is a long process to get the pupil patched up to the plane of his teacher.
Other Robertson's Word Pictures (NT) entries containing Luke 6:40:
Matthew 4:21
Luke 6:39
John 13:16
2 Timothy 3:17
Hebrews 11:3
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