Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
Who was declared (tou orisqentov). Articular participle (first aorist passive) of orizw for which verb see on Luke 22:22; Acts 2:23. He was the Son of God in his preincarnate state (II Corinthians 8:9; Philippians 2:6) and still so after his Incarnation (verse Romans 1:3, "of the seed of David"), but it was the Resurrection of the dead (ec anastasewv nekrwn, the general resurrection implied by that of Christ) that definitely marked Jesus off as God's Son because of his claims about himself as God's Son and his prophecy that he would rise on the third day. This event (cf. 1Co. 15) gave God's seal "with power" (en dunamei), "in power," declared so in power (II Corinthians 13:4). The Resurrection of Christ is the miracle of miracles. "The resurrection only declared him to be what he truly was" (Denney).
According to the spirit of holiness (kata pneuma agiwsunhv). Not the Holy Spirit, but a description of Christ ethically as kata sarka describes him physically (Denney). agiwsunh is rare (I Thessalonians 3:13; II Corinthians 7:1 in N.T.), three times in LXX, each time as the attribute of God. "The pneuma agiwsunhv, though not the Divine nature, is that in which the Divinity or Divine Personality Resided " (Sanday and Headlam).
Jesus Christ our Lord (Ihsou Xristou tou kuriou hmwn). These words gather up the total personality of Jesus (his deity and his humanity).
Other Robertson's Word Pictures (NT) entries containing Romans 1:4:
Romans 1:7
Romans 16:3
Romans 16:26
2 Corinthians 7:1
Hebrews 1:1
Hebrews 4:7
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