Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
The first fruits (thn aparxhn). Old and common metaphor.
Of the Spirit (tou pneumatov). The genitive of apposition. The Holy Spirit came on the great Pentecost and his blessings continue as seen in the "gifts" in I Corinthians 12:14, in the moral and spiritual gifts of Galatians 5:22 f. And greater ones are to come (I Corinthians 15:44 ff.).
Even we ourselves (kai autoi). He repeats for emphasis. We have our "groaning" (stenazomen) as well as nature.
Waiting for (apekdexomenoi). The same verb used of nature in verse Romans 8:19.
Our adoption (uioqesian). Our full "adoption" (see verse Romans 8:15), "the redemption of our body" (thn apolutrwsin tou swmatov hmwn). That is to come also. Then we shall have complete redemption of both soul and body.
Other Robertson's Word Pictures (NT) entries containing Romans 8:23:
Romans 8:25
1 Corinthians 1:7
1 Corinthians 15:20
Galatians 3:26
Galatians 4:4
Colossians 1:20
2 Thessalonians 2:13
Hebrews 10:27
Hebrews 13:17
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