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Leviticus 4:27
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25 aThe priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and pour its blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering.  
26 And he shall burn all its fat on the altar, like athe fat of the sacrifice of the peace offering. bSo the priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin, and it shall be forgiven him.  
27 a‘If1 anyone of the common people sins unintentionally by doing something against any of the commandments of the Lord in anything which ought not to be done, and is guilty,  
28 or aif his sin which he has committed comes to his knowledge, then he shall bring as his offering a kid of the goats, a female without blemish, for his sin which he has committed.  
29 aAnd he shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering, and kill the sin offering at the place of the burnt offering.  
30 Then the priest shall take some of its blood with his finger, put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and pour all the remaining blood at the base of the altar.
31 aHe shall remove all its fat, bas fat is removed from the sacrifice of the peace offering; and the priest shall burn it on the altar for a csweet aroma to the Lord. dSo the priest shall make atonement for him, and it shall be forgiven him.  
32 ‘If he brings a lamb as his sin offering, ahe shall bring a female without blemish.  
33 Then he shall alay his hand on the head of the sin offering, and kill it as a sin offering at the place where they kill the burnt offering.  
34 The priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and pour all the remaining blood at the base of the altar.
35 He shall remove all its fat, as the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice of the peace offering. Then the priest shall burn it on the altar, aaccording to the offerings made by fire to the Lord. bSo the priest shall make atonement for his sin that he has committed, and it shall be forgiven him. 
Commentaries:
Forerunner Commentary
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What Does Leviticus 4:27 Mean?



Leviticus 4:27

The word presumption does not quite mean in Hebrew what it does in English. In English, it simply means "to assume," to take a matter upon oneself without considering all the factors and doing it. However, in the Old Testament, it carries the idea of acting arrogantly—of rebellion. In fact, it means to do something with audacity or to be headstrong. It refers to those who overstep their bounds or dare to act in a disobedient manner. A willfulness is implied in the word that is not contained in English, making it much more forceful.

In other words, a person who sins presumptuously is fully aware of what he is doing; he is fully educated and not in ignorance either of what he is doing or the potential cost of doing it, and he deliberately sets his mind to do it. It is an act of rebellion, an audacious setting one's will, despite all he knows, to go ahead and do it anyway.

By these usages, the word "unintentional" in Leviticus 4 and Numbers 15 can include within it someone who is conscious of what he is doing but does not act audaciously. He does not plan it. He is not rebellious—but weak. God will forgive that, but He will not forgive the sin that is presumptuous according to usage of the word in the Old Testament.

In the New Testament, the word begins very similar to the English usage of the word. It means "to think" or "suppose." Howevver, according to the context in which it is used in the New Testament, it contains the idea of dealing proudly, defiantly, and recklessly. It means to look down upon. A tremendous amount of pride is implied in it.

John W. Ritenbaugh
Examples of Divine Justice


 
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