Commentaries:Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown
<< Ephesians 4:30 Ephesians 4:32 >>
Ephesians 4:31
bitterness—both of spirit and of speech: opposed to "kind."
wrath—passion for a time: opposed to "tender-hearted." Whence BENGEL translates for "wrath," harshness.
anger—lasting resentment: opposed to "forgiving one another."
clamour—compared by CHRYSOSTOM to a horse carrying anger for its rider: "Bridle the horse, and you dismount its rider." "Bitterness" begets "wrath"; "wrath," "anger"; "anger," "clamor"; and "clamor," the more chronic "evil-speaking," slander, insinuations, and surmises of evil. "Malice" is the secret root of all: "fires fed within, and not appearing to by-standers from without, are the most formidable" [CHRYSOSTOM].
Other Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown entries containing Ephesians 4:31:
Galatians 5:19-23
Ephesians 5:9
Colossians 3:8
James 1:21
James 3:14
<< Ephesians 4:30 Ephesians 4:32 >> DISCLAIMER: Church of the Great God (CGG) provides these resources to aid the individual in studying the Bible. However, it is up to the individual to "prove all things, and hold fast to that which is good" (I Thessalonians 5:21). The content of these resources does not necessarily reflect the views of CGG. They are provided for information purposes only.
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