Commentaries:
Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown
no longer—as a habit. This injunction to drink wine occasionally is a modification of the preceding "keep thyself pure." The presbyter and deacon were enjoined to be "not given to wine" (I Timothy 3:3, I Timothy 3:8). Timothy seems to have had a tendency to undue ascetical strictness on this point (compare Note, see on I Timothy 4:8; compare the Nazarene vow, Numbers 6:1-4; John the Baptist, Luke 1:15; Rom. 14). Paul therefore modifies the preceding words, "keep thyself pure," virtually saying, "Not that I mean to enjoin that kind of purity which consists in asceticism, nay, be no longer a water-drinker," that is, no longer drink only water, but use a little wine, as much as is needed for thy health. So ELLICOTT and WIESINGER. ALFORD thus: Timothy was of a feeble frame (see on I Corinthians 16:10-11), and prone to timidity in his duties as overseer where vigorous action was needed; hence Paul exhorts him to take all proper means to raise his bodily condition above these infirmities. God hereby commands believers to use all due means for preserving health, and condemns by anticipation the human traditions which among various sects have denied the use of wine to the faithful.
Other Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown entries containing 1 Timothy 5:23:
Ephesians 5:18
1 Thessalonians 3:2
1 Timothy 4:8
1 Timothy 5:22
2 Timothy 2:22
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