Numbers 28:1 - Barnes' Book Notes

Numbers 28:1

Daily Offerings

1 Now the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

2 “Command the children of Israel, and say to them, ‘My offering, ^aMy food for My offerings made by fire as a sweet aroma to Me, you shall be careful to offer to Me at their appointed time.’

3 “And you shall say to them, ^a‘This is the offering made by fire which you shall offer to the Lord: two male lambs in their first year without blemish, day by day, as a regular burnt offering.

4 The one lamb you shall offer in the morning, the other lamb you shall offer in the evening,

5 and ^aone-tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a ^bgrain offering mixed with one-fourth of a hin of pressed oil.

6 It is ^aa regular burnt offering which was ordained at Mount Sinai for a sweet aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord.

7 And its drink offering shall be one-fourth of a hin for each lamb; ^ain a holy place you shall pour out the drink to the Lord as an offering.

8 The other lamb you shall offer in the evening; as the morning grain offering and its drink offering, you shall offer it as an offering made by fire, a¹ sweet aroma to the Lord.

Sabbath Offerings

9 ‘And on the Sabbath day two lambs in their first year, without blemish, and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour as a grain offering, mixed with oil, with its drink offering—

10 this is ^athe burnt offering for every Sabbath, besides the regular burnt offering with its drink offering.

Monthly Offerings

11 ^a‘At the beginnings of your months you shall present a burnt offering to the Lord: two young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs in their first year, without blemish;

12 ^athree-tenths of an ephah of fine flour as a grain offering, mixed with oil, for each bull; two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour as a grain offering, mixed with oil, for the one ram;

13 and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour, mixed with oil, as a grain offering for each lamb, as a burnt offering of sweet aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord.

14 Their drink offering shall be half a hin of wine for a bull, one-third of a hin for a ram, and one-fourth of a hin for a lamb; this is the burnt offering for each month throughout the months of the year.

15 Also ^aone kid of the goats as a sin offering to the Lord shall be offered, besides the regular burnt offering and its drink offering.

Offerings at Passover

16 ^a‘On the fourteenth day of the first month is the Passover of the Lord.

17 ^aAnd on the fifteenth day of this month is the feast; unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.

18 On the ^afirst day you shall have a holy¹ convocation. You shall do no² customary work.

19 And you shall present an offering made by fire as a burnt offering to the Lord: two young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs in their first year. ^aBe sure they are without blemish.

20 Their grain offering shall be of fine flour mixed with oil: three-tenths of an ephah you shall offer for a bull, and two-tenths for a ram;

21 you shall offer one-tenth of an ephah for each of the seven lambs;

22 also ^aone goat as a sin offering, to make¹ atonement for you.

23 You shall offer these besides the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a regular burnt offering.

24 In this manner you shall offer the food of the offering made by fire daily for seven days, as a sweet aroma to the Lord; it shall be offered besides the regular burnt offering and its drink offering.

25 And ^aon the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no customary work.

Offerings at the Feast of Weeks

26 ‘Also ^aon the day of the firstfruits, when you bring a new grain offering to the Lord at your Feast of Weeks, you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no customary work.

27 You shall present a burnt offering as a sweet aroma to the Lord: ^atwo young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs in their first year,

28 with their grain offering of fine flour mixed with oil: three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for the one ram,

29 and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs;

30 also one kid of the goats, to make¹ atonement for you.

31 ^aBe sure they are without blemish. You shall present them with their drink offerings, besides the regular burnt offering with its grain offering.

Book Notes:

Barnes' Book Notes

Introduction to Numbers

The title commonly given to this book is evidently suggested by the two numberings of the people recorded in Num. 1 and Num. 26.

The book narrates the history of the Israelites during their sojourn in the wilderness from the completion of the law-giving at Sinai, Leviticus 27:34, to their mustering in the plains of Moab for actual entry into the land of promise.

The incidents are generally given in their chronological order, except in the third part. The five chapters comprised in this part appear to deal with a long period, from which only isolated episodes are given; and of these the dates can only be conjectured.

Between the two dates "the first day of the second month of the second year after they were come out of Egypt" Numbers 1:1, and the death of Aaron Numbers 33:38, intervene no less than 38 years and 3 months (compare Deuteronomy 2:14), the long and dreary period of tarrying in the wilderness until the disobedient generation had wasted away.

From the death of Aaron to the date given in the opening verses of Deuteronomy Deuteronomy 1:1-3, occurred a space of exactly six months, in which all the events narrated in the fourth part of the Book of Numbers, from Numbers 20:1 to the end, would seem to have occurred, with the probable exception of the defeat of the king of Arad Numbers 21:1-3.

As regards the authorship and date of composition, the notes of time, the tenor of the contents, no less than the direct assertions of the text itself, lead to the conclusion that Moses is properly spoken of as the writer of the Book of Numbers. It is in substance his work; though many portions of it were probably committed to writing many years before the whole was completed; and the concluding chapters were not written until toward the close of the 40th year after the exodus.

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