Commentaries:
Barnes' Notes
Runners who were swift of foot, and could go long distances were important and well-known persons (compare II Samuel 18:19-31). There seem to have been always professional runners to act as messengers with armies in the field (II Kings 11:4, II Kings 11:6,II Kings 11:19, the King James Version "guards" ).
Earth upon his head - In token of bitter grief. Compare the marginal references.
Other Barnes' Notes entries containing 1 Samuel 4:12:
Joshua 7:6
Job 2:12
DISCLAIMER: Church of the Great God (CGG) provides these resources to aid the individual in studying the Bible. However, it is up to the individual to "prove all things, and hold fast to that which is good" (I Thessalonians 5:21). The content of these resources does not necessarily reflect the views of CGG. They are provided for information purposes only.