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1 Samuel 31:1
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The Tragic End of Saul and His Sons

1 Now athe Philistines fought against Israel; and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell slain on Mount bGilboa.  
2 Then the Philistines followed hard after Saul and his sons. And the Philistines killed aJonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua, Saul’s sons.  
3 aThe battle became fierce against Saul. The archers1 hit him, and he was severely wounded by the archers.  
4 aThen Saul said to his armorbearer, “Draw your sword, and thrust me through with it, lest bthese uncircumcised men come and thrust me through and1 abuse me.” But his armorbearer would not, cfor he was greatly afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword and dfell on it.  
5 And when his armorbearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell on his sword, and died with him.
6 So Saul, his three sons, his armorbearer, and all his men died together that same day.
7 And when the men of Israel who were on the other side of the valley, and those who were on the other side of the Jordan, saw that the men of Israel had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
8 So it happened the next day, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa.
9 And they cut off his head and stripped off his armor, and sent word throughout the land of the Philistines, to aproclaim it in the temple of their idols and among the people.  
10 aThen they put his armor in the temple of the bAshtoreths, and cthey fastened his body to the wall of dBeth Shan.  
Book Notes:
Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown Book Notes

I & II Samuel

THE FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF SAMUEL. The two were, by the ancient Jews, conjoined so as to make one book, and in that form could be called the Book of Samuel with more propriety than now, the second being wholly occupied with the relation of transactions that did not take place till after the death of that eminent judge. Accordingly, in the Septuagint and the Vulgate, it is called the First and Second Books of Kings. The early portion of the First Book, down to the end of the twenty-fourth chapter, was probably written by Samuel; while the rest of it and the whole of the Second, are commonly ascribed to Nathan and Gad, founding the opinion on I Chronicles 29:29. Commentators, however, are divided about this, some supposing that the statements in I Samuel 2:26; I Samuel 3:1, indicate the hand of the judge himself, or a contemporary; while some think, from I Samuel 6:18; I Samuel 12:5; I Samuel 27:6, that its composition must be referred to a later age. It is probable, however, that these supposed marks of an after-period were interpolations of Ezra. This uncertainty, however, as to the authorship does not affect the inspired authority of the book, which is indisputable, being quoted in the New Testament (I Samuel 13:14 in Acts 13:22, and II Samuel 7:14 in Hebrews 1:5), as well as in many of the Psalms.

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