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2 Samuel 23:20-23
The Bible contains the story of a man whom history has not quite lost but does not remember too well. His name certainly must have been the "John" of his day because we can find references that show that somewhere from nine to thirteen men are so named in the Bible. That man is Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada the priest (II Samuel 23:20-23; I Chronicles 11:22-25). He was chief over King David's bodyguard, and later, King Solomon raised him to commander-in-chief. Most references say that his name means "made by the LORD" or "God has built," but Hitchcock's Bible Names asserts that it means "son of the LORD." According to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, Benaiah (#1141) is a combination of two words, banah (#1129, "to build") and Jah (#3050, "the LORD"). Interestingly, the word "son" (#1121) is also from banah, as in "a builder of the family name." Benaiah, a general of David's army and his chief bodyguard, later demonstrated his fierce loyalty to David (and God) when he stood, along with Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet, against Adonijah's attempt to supplant Solomon as David's successor. After this, he received his promotion to commander-in-chief of Israel's army. His actions brought him national fame. He defeated two of Moab's best warriors; slew a lion in a pit on a snowy day; and attacked a 7½-foot Egyptian with a club, stealing the Egyptian's spear and killing him with it. With all of this carnage, we might think of him as a hard and insensitive man, but commentator Albert Barnes claims that another of his notable accomplishments was to fulfill David's longing for a drink of refreshing water from the well of Bethlehem (II Samuel 23:13-16). With Abishai and another unnamed mighty man, they broke through the camp of the Philistines and obtained the water for him. II Samuel 23:20 relates: "Benaiah was the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done many deeds. He had killed two lion-like heroes of Moab. . . ." Various translations describe these two Moabite warriors as "two of Moab's best men" (New International Version), "champions" (New Living Translation), "distinguished soldiers" (God's Word Translation), and "two lion-like Moabites." Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible adds that they were "men of uncommon valour and fortitude." Perhaps they were specially trained soldiers, similar to Navy SEALS or Green Berets. Comparing them to lions emphasizes their strength, fierceness, and leadership. They were formidable enemies. Benaiah is also credited with killing "a lion in the midst of a pit on a snowy day" (II Samuel 23:20). Much speculation surrounds this feat and his motives for slaying this particular lion. Most people, seeing a lion in a pit, would simply leave it be, but not Benaiah. He was not a man to take the easy way out. Barnes' Notes tells the story this way: "Apparently in a severe winter a lion had come up from its usual haunts to some village in search of food, and taken possession of the tank or cistern to the terror of the inhabitants, and Benaiah attacked it boldly and killed it." Gill's Exposition advances several different ideas, most of them suggesting that he either killed the lion in self-defense or to rid the country of a terrorizing beast. In II Samuel 23:21, another action that Benaiah is praised for is killing an Egyptian giant with his own spear after wresting it away from him. Benaiah was armed only with a staff or perhaps a shepherd's rod (shebet in Hebrew, which means a twig or branch, like a switch a parent might use to correct a child). Whatever it was, it was obviously not very intimidating. With this stick, though, he disarmed the Egyptian and used his own weapon against him. The Bible shows what a loyal man he was to God and His purpose. When he fetched the water for David, he did much more than just what was required; David's wish was his command. More, he showed his faith in God's choice when he stood loyally with David and Solomon when Adonijah rebelled and attempted to supplant Solomon. Benaiah was also not easily intimidated by reputation. The two lion-like heroes of Moab were undoubtedly very threatening, but Benaiah got the job done—not only once, but twice. When he slew the lion in the pit, it was not an impulsive act, but rather for the good of the community. Nor was he overwhelmed by the size of the dilemma facing him. God provided what he needed when facing the Egyptian. He may have liked to have had a better weapon, but he resourcefully used what he had to his advantage.
John O. Reid
Benaiah
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