Commentaries:
Paul is speaking about Jew and Gentile—two different ways of life—being brought together under the auspices of the work of reconciliation Jesus Christ Himself did. God and Christ began the process of reconciliation through Christ's sacrifice. They actually laid the groundwork a long time before that, but Christ's sacrifice got the ball rolling for the whole process.
That sacrifice destroyed the enmity between God and man. It also destroyed the wall, division, or partition that separated men from other men. In Ephesians 2, Paul focuses on the division between Jew and Gentile, but it could also be black and white, man and woman, or slave and free. It could be whatever separates one person from another. Christ's sacrifice did the work to break down all those walls. Once we accept the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, those human divisions—those demographics—mean nothing spiritually.
Our demographic is now "Christian," follower of Christ, and the way of life that we live is Christian. It is not Jewish, not Gentile, not male, not female, not black, not white. Our life is Christ's life. Our identification is as His disciples or as God's children or His elect. So, those physical differences between us should fade into the background. They should fade away for all time once the resurrection comes—because we will then be fully spiritual brothers and sisters in Christ, all part of the same God Family. The way Paul phrases it in Ephesians 2:21-22 is that we are now part of the same building—"a dwelling place of God in the Spirit." God wants to live in us. We are now being built into one Temple, each of us a brick in its wall, so to speak.
We are now all one Body. We are all cells in that one Body, that is, Jesus Christ's Body. Paul writes in Ephesians 4:4, "There is one body." If there are disagreements between the cells of that one Body, then the Body is in danger of becoming divided. But the Body cannot be divided because it is one Body.
That is why reconciliation between brethren is so essential! If reconciliation does not occur, then something will happen in that Body—and it is not good. One or the other, or both, will be ejected from the Body if it does not get resolved—because the Body cannot function properly with internal strife. The Body must grow together into unity! The middle section of Ephesians 4 speaks to this: "The whole body, joined and knit together by what every joint supplies . . ." (verse 16).
Thus, there cannot be schisms between true members of the true church. This is why it is so vital for brethren to be reconciled to one another: because it is crucial to the growth of the church that we learn to get along and to put these "things that offend" behind us.
Perhaps now these often-read verses will have more meaning:
John 15:11-13 "These things I have spoken to you, that My joy may remain in you, and that your joy may be full. This is My commandment, that you love one another as I have loved you. Greater love has no one that this, than to lay down one's life for his friends."
John 15:17 "These things I command you, that you love one another."
Richard T. Ritenbaugh
The Cost of Reconciliation
In Ephesians 2:19-22, in the Phillips translation, the apostle Paul writes:
So you are no longer outsiders or aliens, but fellow-citizens with every other Christian [the saints, NKJV] - you belong now to the household of God. Firmly beneath you is the foundation, God's messengers and prophets, the corner-stone being Christ Jesus himself. In him each separate piece of building, properly fitting into its neighbor, grows together into a temple consecrated to the Lord. You are all part of this building in which God himself lives by his Spirit.
We stand on the Christian lives of those who have gone before us. Those who have died in the faith, the saints who await their resurrection from the dead, form the foundation on which we stand, along with Christ, the Cornerstone. If we live our lives with integrity, then we too become an integral piece of the Temple.
Paul's main intention in Ephesians 2 is to let Gentile converts know that they have equal privileges with Israelite converts. Whatever his origins, each individual forms a separate piece of the "building," and all fitted together provide a habitation for God. The building metaphor is equally appropriate for us. Each of us comes from a different social and ethnic background, education, life experience, and so on. In order for us to become part of the Temple, a place where God dwells, integrity must reside in our characters.
Continuing the metaphor, each of us is fitted into the proper place. If a building is constructed of solid pieces - no rotted or bowed wood, no rusted metal, no inferior materials of any type - and if it is erected on a solid foundation, the result is a structure with integrity. The apostle Peter also uses the building metaphor in I Peter 2:1-5:
Therefore, laying aside all malice, all deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and all evil speaking, as newborn babes, desire the pure milk of the word, that you may grow thereby, if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is gracious. Coming to Him as to a living stone, rejected indeed by men, but chosen by God and precious, you also, as living stones, are being built up a spiritual house, a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
A building block or stone, used to construct a spiritual house or a temple, must be sound. It must itself have integrity. If the stone is weak, it will crumble or crack easily, endangering the whole building.
Mike Ford
Building With Integrity
He is gathering everybody into the household of God, and we are forerunners in the process He is working out.
One of the major keys to the unity God is creating is understanding that it is through Christ that we are reconciled to God. Much of the responsibility for maintaining that reconciliation with God has fallen upon us. Christ is still involved, because He is our High Priest. He is working with us to maintain the reconciliation that He made, so that our contact with God is not broken through disobedience. Thus, each person contributes in the maintenance of this reconciliation by working on himself to become holy—by living a life worthy of God's calling.
John W. Ritenbaugh
Unity (Part 6): Ephesians 4 (C)
This spiritual Tabernacle is God's habitation, just as, physically, the Tabernacle of Meeting served as His habitation in the wilderness.
Charles Whitaker
God Our Provider
Formerly, before God began to work in this way, there were two kinds of people on earth: the converted and unconverted. However, let us be a little bit more specific. In the context of Ephesians 2, the two kinds of people were Israelites and Gentiles. When we understand verses 16-20, He is saying now a third class of people is arising. There is the Gentile, the Israelite, and the Christian—the new man.
This is what God is creating, a family, a nation. He is creating something that is unique on the earth: a family that gets along with each other. Such a thing is unseen in the history of men. There are no wars (considering nations being families grown great) that are more vicious and terrible than inter-family wars, which we call "civil wars."
God is creating a family that gets along with each other, and this harmony begins with the acceptance of the blood of Jesus Christ. However, God expects that it will not end there. Because of the fellowship that we have with Him through Jesus Christ, as we begin to have more things in common, it will begin to expand out to others whom He is calling. It begins with the Spirit of God working with the person and eventually in him.
John W. Ritenbaugh
Truth (Part 4)
Other Forerunner Commentary entries containing Ephesians 2:19:
Leviticus 23:15-16
Deuteronomy 14:23-26
Matthew 24:2
1 Corinthians 16:1-3
Galatians 1:6
Galatians 1:6-8
Ephesians 2:19-22
Revelation 11:1
