Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
Being darkened (eskotwmenoi ontev). Periphrastic perfect passive participle of skotow, old verb from skotov (darkness), in N.T. only here and Revelation 9:2; Revelation 16:10.
In their understanding (th dianoiai). Locative case. Probably dianoia (dia, nouv) includes the emotions as well as the intellect (nouv). It is possible to take ontev with aphllotriwmenoi (see Ephesians 2:12) which would then be periphrastic (instead of eskotwmenoi) perfect passive participle.
From the life of God (thv zwhv tou qeou). Ablative case zwhv after aphllotriwmenoi (Ephesians 2:12).
Because of the ignorance (dia thn agnoian). Old word from agnoew, not to know. Rare in N.T. See Acts 3:17.
Hardening (pwrwsin). Late medical term (Hippocrates) for callous hardening. Only other N.T. examples are Mark 3:5; Romans 11:25.
Other Robertson's Word Pictures (NT) entries containing Ephesians 4:18:
Romans 11:25
Colossians 1:21
Hebrews 8:10
1 Peter 1:14
1 Peter 1:18
1 John 5:20
Revelation 9:2
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