Commentaries:
Robertson's Word Pictures (NT)
Wild waves (kumata agria). Waves (Matthew 8:24, from kuew, to swell) wild (from agrov, field, wild honey Matthew 3:4) like untamed animals of the forest or the sea.
Foaming out (epafrizonta). Late and rare present active participle of epafrizw, used in Moschus for the foaming waves as here. Cf. Isaiah 57:20.
Shame (aisxunav). Plural "shames" (disgraces). Cf. Philippians 3:19.
Wandering stars (asterev planhtai). "Stars wanderers." Planhthv, old word (from planaw), here alone in N.T. Some refer this to comets or shooting stars. See Isaiah 14:12 for an allusion to Babylon as the day-star who fell through pride.
For ever (eiv aiwna). The rest of the relative clause exactly as in II Peter 2:17.
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