The meaning of Goliath in the Bible
(From Easton's Bible Dictionary)

great.

A famous giant of Gath, who for forty days openly defied the armies of Israel, but was at length slain by David with a stone from a sling (I Samuel 17:4). He was probably descended from the Rephaim who found refuge among the Philistines after they were dispersed by the Ammonites (Deuteronomy 2:20,21). His height was "six cubits and a span," which, taking the cubit at 21 inches, is equal to 10 1/2 feet. David cut off his head (I Samuel 17:51) and brought it to Jerusalem, while he hung the armour which he took from him in his tent. His sword was preserved at Nob as a religious trophy (21:9). David's victory over Goliath was the turning point in his life. He came into public notice now as the deliverer of Israel and the chief among Saul's men of war (18:5), and the devoted friend of Jonathan.

In II Samuel 21:19 there is another giant of the same name mentioned as slain by Elhanan. The staff of his apear "was like a weaver's beam." The Authorized Version interpolates the words "the brother of" from I Chronicles 20:5, where this giant is called Lahmi.

See more on the meaning of Goliath in the Bible:
Goliath {International Standard Bible Encyclopedia}
Goliath {Hitchcock's Bible Name}

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